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==Events== * 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world. *1203 – The Fourth Crusade captures Constantinople by assault. The Byzantine emperor Alexios III Angelos flees from his capital into exile. *1402 – Zhu Di, better known by his era name as the Yongle Emperor, assumes the throne over the Ming dynasty of China. *1429 – Hundred Years' War: Charles VII of France is crowned the King of France in the Reims Cathedral after a successful campaign by Joan of Arc *1453 – Battle of Castillon: The last battle of Hundred Years' War, the French under Jean Bureau defeat the English under the Earl of Shrewsbury, who is killed in the battle in Gascony. *1717 – King George I of Great Britain sails down the River Thames with a barge of 50 musicians, where George Frideric Handel's ''Water Music'' is premiered. *1762 – Catherine II becomes tsar of Russia upon the murder of Peter III of Russia. *1771 – Bloody Falls massacre: Chipewyan chief Matonabbee, traveling as the guide to Samuel Hearne on his Arctic overland journey, massacres a group of unsuspecting Inuit. *1791 – Members of the French National Guard under the command of General Lafayette open fire on a crowd of radical Jacobins at the Champ de Mars, Paris, during the French Revolution, killing as many as 50 people. *1794 – The 16 Carmelite Martyrs of Compiègne are executed ten days prior to the end of the French Revolution's Reign of Terror. *1856 – The Great Train Wreck of 1856 in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, kills over 60 people. *1867 – Harvard School of Dental Medicine is established in Boston, Massachusetts. It is the first dental school in the U.S. that is affiliated with a university. *1896 – Bhagavan Sri Ramana Maharshi, the Indian sage, at age 16, spontaneously initiates a process of self-enquiry that culminates within a few minutes in his own permanent awakening. *1899 – NEC Corporation is organized as the first Japanese joint venture with foreign capital. *1902 – Willis Carrier creates the first air conditioner in Buffalo, New York. *1917 – King George V issues a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British Royal Family will bear the surname Windsor. *1918 – Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and his immediate family and retainers are executed by Bolshevik Chekists at the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, Russia. * 1918 – The , the ship that rescued the 705 survivors from the , is sunk off Ireland by the German ; five lives are lost. *1932 – Altona Bloody Sunday: A riot between the Nazi Party paramilitary forces, the SS and SA, and the German Communist Party ensues. *1933 – After successfully crossing the Atlantic Ocean, the Lithuanian research aircraft Lituanica crashes in Europe under mysterious circumstances. *1936 – Spanish Civil War: An Armed Forces rebellion against the recently elected leftist Popular Front government of Spain starts the civil war. *1938 – Douglas Corrigan takes off from Brooklyn to fly the "wrong way" to Ireland and becomes known as "Wrong Way" Corrigan. *1944 – Port Chicago disaster: Near the San Francisco Bay, two ships laden with ammunition for the war explode in Port Chicago, California, killing 320. * 1944 – World War II: Napalm incendiary bombs are dropped for the first time by American P-38 pilots on a fuel depot at Coutances, near Saint-Lô, France. *1945 – World War II: The main three leaders of the Allied nations, Winston Churchill, Harry S. Truman and Joseph Stalin, meet in the German city of Potsdam to decide the future of a defeated Germany. *1948 – The South Korean constitution is proclaimed. *1953 – The largest number of United States midshipman casualties in a single event results from an aircraft crash in Florida killing 44. *1955 – Disneyland is dedicated and opened by Walt Disney in Anaheim, California. *1962 – Nuclear weapons testing: The "Small Boy" test shot Little Feller I becomes the last atmospheric test detonation at the Nevada National Security Site. *1968 – A revolution occurs in Iraq when Abdul Rahman Arif is overthrown and the Ba'ath Party is installed as the governing power in Iraq with Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr as the new Iraqi President. *1973 – King Mohammed Zahir Shah of Afghanistan is deposed by his cousin Mohammed Daoud Khan while in Italy undergoing eye surgery. *1975 – Apollo–Soyuz Test Project: An American Apollo and a Soviet Soyuz spacecraft dock with each other in orbit marking the first such link-up between spacecraft from the two nations. *1976 – East Timor is annexed, and becomes the 27th province of Indonesia. * 1976 – The opening of the Summer Olympics in Montreal is marred by 25 African teams boycotting the New Zealand team. *1979 – Nicaraguan dictator General Anastasio Somoza Debayle resigns and flees to Miami, Florida. *1981 – The opening of the Humber Bridge by Queen Elizabeth II in England. * 1981 – A structural failure leads to the collapse of a walkway at the Hyatt Regency in Kansas City, Missouri killing 114 people and injuring more than 200. *1984 – The national drinking age in the United States was changed from 18 to 21. *1985 – Founding of the EUREKA Network by former head of states François Mitterrand (France) and Helmut Kohl (Germany). *1989 – First flight of the B-2 Spirit Stealth Bomber. * 1989 – Holy See–Poland relations are restored. *1996 – TWA Flight 800: Off the coast of Long Island, New York, a Paris-bound TWA Boeing 747 explodes, killing all 230 on board. * 1996 – The Community of Portuguese Language Countries is founded. *1998 – Papua New Guinea earthquake: A tsunami triggered by an undersea earthquake destroys ten villages in Papua New Guinea killing an estimated 3,183, leaving 2,000 more unaccounted for and thousands more homeless. * 1998 – A diplomatic conference adopts the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, establishing a permanent international court to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. *2001 – Concorde is brought back in to service nearly a year after the July 2000 crash. *2007 – TAM Airlines Flight 3054, an Airbus A320, crashes into a warehouse after landing too fast and missing the end of the São Paulo–Congonhas Airport runway, killing 199 people. *2009 – Two suicide bombers detonate themselves at two separate hotels in Jakarta, Indonesia. *2014 – Malaysia Airlines Flight 17, a Boeing 777, crashes near the border of Ukraine and Russia after being shot down. All 298 people on board are killed. * 2014 – A French regional train on the Pau-Bayonne line crashes into a high-speed train near the town of Denguin, resulting in at least 25 injuries. *2015 – At least 120 people are killed and 130 injured by a suicide bombing in Diyala Province, Iraq. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「July 17」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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